How can biological control agents manage pest populations?

Biological control agents manage pest populations by introducing natural predators or parasites that specifically target those pests. This method leverages the ecological relationships between organisms, where certain species can help regulate the populations of others. For instance, if a particular insect is causing damage to crops, researchers or farmers might introduce a wasp that lays its eggs in the pest, leading to a decrease in the pest population over time.

This approach promotes a more sustainable method of pest management by reducing reliance on synthetic pesticides, which can have detrimental effects on the environment, non-target species, and human health. Instead, biological control utilizes the natural behaviors and interactions of organisms, fostering a balanced ecosystem where pest populations can be controlled naturally without disrupting the local fauna or flora.

The other options don't effectively contribute to managing pest populations. Increasing pesticide application rates can lead to resistance among pests and harm beneficial organisms. Planting more crops does not directly address pest populations and, depending on the situation, could potentially provide more resources for pests. Lastly, using chemical fertilizers may promote plant growth but does not inherently suppress or control pest populations.